Testicular cancer is cancer that starts in the testicles, the male reproductive glands located in the scrotum. Symptoms: There may be no symptoms. Most commonly presents as a hard, painless nodule on one testis noticed by the patient or at a regular clinic exam. Elevated serum tumor markers are diagnostic of the disease and aid in monitoring the treatment response. Ultrasound of the testis is 90% to 95% accurate in diagnosis. Testicular cancers are very sensitive to chemotherapy and are curable even when metastatic. Cure rates for good-risk disease are 90-95%. Infertility is a complication of surgery. Radical orchiectomy to confirm histologic diagnosis is initial treatment in most cases. Cancer usually affects only one testicle.